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- 19 reference pages under /xslt/functions/ covering: xsl:value-of, xsl:for-each, xsl:for-each-group, xsl:function, xsl:iterate, last(), position(), count(), concat(), contains(), substring(), sum(), key(), current(), string-join(), tokenize(), matches(), replace(), format-date() - Each page: description, parameters table, return value, 2 runnable examples (input XML + stylesheet + output), notes, cross-links - New Hugo section with reference-specific layout (version badges, syntax block, "Try in Playground" CTA, parameters table styles) - Menu entry "Reference" → /xslt/functions/ - CSS: .ref-badge, .ref-syntax, .ref-index-list, .ref-try + table styles Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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title, description, date, version, versionLabel, category, syntax, tags
| title | description | date | version | versionLabel | category | syntax | tags | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| concat() | Concatenates two or more strings into a single string, accepting any number of arguments. | 2026-04-18T00:00:00Z | 1.0 | XSLT 1.0 | string function | concat(str1, str2, ...) |
|
Description
concat() joins two or more string arguments into a single string, in the order they are provided. Each argument is converted to a string using the XPath string-value rules before concatenation.
It requires at least two arguments but accepts any number. Arguments that are not strings (numbers, booleans, nodes) are automatically cast to their string representation.
concat() is the standard way to build dynamic attribute values, filenames, URIs, or any computed string in XSLT 1.0. In XSLT 2.0+, string-join() is often more readable when the separator is uniform.
Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
str1 |
xs:anyAtomicType | Yes | First string (or value convertible to string). |
str2 |
xs:anyAtomicType | Yes | Second string. |
... |
xs:anyAtomicType | No | Additional strings; at least two arguments are required. |
Return value
xs:string — all arguments concatenated in order, with no separator.
Examples
Build a full name
Input XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<person>
<first>Jane</first>
<last>Smith</last>
</person>
Stylesheet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output method="text"/>
<xsl:template match="/person">
<xsl:value-of select="concat(first, ' ', last)"/>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:
Jane Smith
Dynamic attribute value
Stylesheet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:template match="/person">
<a href="{concat('/profile/', first, '-', last)}">
<xsl:value-of select="concat(first, ' ', last)"/>
</a>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:
<a href="/profile/Jane-Smith">Jane Smith</a>
Concatenate node values and literals
<!-- Compose a greeting -->
<xsl:value-of select="concat('Hello, ', /person/first, '! You have ', count(//message), ' messages.')"/>
Notes
concat()does not add any separator between arguments. To join with a separator, either include the separator as a literal argument or usestring-join()(XSLT 2.0+).- Unlike
string-join(),concat()does not accept a sequence; each argument must be a single value. - Attribute value templates
{expression}are a shorthand alternative for simple cases and can callconcat()inside them. - Numbers are converted to their canonical string form:
concat(1.0, 'x')produces"1x"not"1.0x"(the exact output depends on the XPath string conversion rules).