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Full coverage of XSLT 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 elements and XPath functions: - 59 XSLT elements (xsl:stylesheet → xsl:use-accumulators) - 170 XPath functions (1.0 node/string/numeric/boolean, 2.0 sequence/ date/QName/string, 3.0 HOF/map/array/JSON/streaming) Each page: description, parameters table, return value, 2 runnable Saxon examples with input XML + stylesheet + output, notes, cross-links. xsltCompletions.js: all 229 entries now have blogSlug for hover links. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
3.8 KiB
3.8 KiB
title, description, date, version, versionLabel, category, syntax, tags
| title | description | date | version | versionLabel | category | syntax | tags | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| string() | Converts a node-set, number, or boolean to its XPath string value, or returns the string value of the context node when called with no argument. | 2026-04-18T00:00:00Z | 1.0 | XSLT 1.0 | string function | string(object?) |
|
Description
string() converts its argument to a string using XPath 1.0 string-value rules:
- Node-set: returns the string value of the first node in document order. For element nodes, this is the concatenation of all text-node descendants; for attribute nodes, the attribute value; for the document node, the concatenation of all text descendants.
- Number: returns the canonical decimal representation.
NaNbecomes"NaN", infinity becomes"Infinity". - Boolean:
truebecomes"true",falsebecomes"false". - String: returned unchanged.
When called with no arguments, string() returns the string value of the context node, equivalent to string(.).
string() is used to extract the textual content of complex elements (flattening all descendant text nodes into one string), to convert numbers or booleans for string comparison, or to force a node-set to a scalar string value.
Parameters
| Parameter | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
object |
any | No | Value to convert. Defaults to the context node when omitted. |
Return value
xs:string — the string representation of the argument.
Examples
Extract concatenated text content of an element
Input XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<article>
<body>
<p>First paragraph.</p>
<p>Second <em>paragraph</em>.</p>
</body>
</article>
Stylesheet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:template match="/article">
<text>
<xsl:value-of select="string(body)"/>
</text>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:
<text>
First paragraph.
Second paragraph.
</text>
Convert numbers and booleans to strings
Input XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<data>
<count>5</count>
</data>
Stylesheet:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>
<xsl:template match="/data">
<results>
<num-as-string><xsl:value-of select="string(count)"/></num-as-string>
<bool-true><xsl:value-of select="string(true())"/></bool-true>
<bool-false><xsl:value-of select="string(false())"/></bool-false>
<nan><xsl:value-of select="string(number('abc'))"/></nan>
</results>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
Output:
<results>
<num-as-string>5</num-as-string>
<bool-true>true</bool-true>
<bool-false>false</bool-false>
<nan>NaN</nan>
</results>
Notes
- For a node-set with multiple nodes,
string()only returns the value of the first node in document order. To concatenate all nodes, usestring-join()(XSLT 2.0+) or iterate withxsl:for-each. - Calling
string()on an element that contains mixed content (text and child elements) returns all descendant text nodes joined together, with no separators. string(0)returns"0",string(-0)returns"0"(negative zero is normalised).- In XSLT 2.0+,
string()behaves similarly but the argument may be a sequence; if the sequence has more than one item, an error is raised unless using the XPath 2.0data()orstring-join()function instead.