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Full coverage of XSLT 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 elements and XPath functions: - 59 XSLT elements (xsl:stylesheet → xsl:use-accumulators) - 170 XPath functions (1.0 node/string/numeric/boolean, 2.0 sequence/ date/QName/string, 3.0 HOF/map/array/JSON/streaming) Each page: description, parameters table, return value, 2 runnable Saxon examples with input XML + stylesheet + output, notes, cross-links. xsltCompletions.js: all 229 entries now have blogSlug for hover links. Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
116 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
116 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "xsl:array"
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description: "Creates an XDM array from xsl:array-member children, providing ordered positional access to sequences of arbitrary XDM values in XSLT 3.0."
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date: 2026-04-18T00:00:00Z
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version: "3.0"
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versionLabel: "XSLT 3.0"
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category: "element"
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syntax: "<xsl:array><xsl:array-member .../></xsl:array>"
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tags: ["xslt", "reference", "xslt3"]
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---
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## Description
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`xsl:array` is the instruction for constructing an XDM array. Arrays are ordered, positionally indexed collections introduced in XDM 3.1. They differ from sequences in a critical way: each member of an array can itself be a sequence of zero or more items, whereas sequences are always flat. This makes arrays essential for representing JSON arrays (which can contain nested arrays and objects) and for passing multi-valued parameters to functions.
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The instruction form `xsl:array` is used when the members must be computed dynamically. You populate it with `xsl:array-member` children, optionally interspersed with `xsl:for-each`, `xsl:if`, and other XSLT instructions. For simple cases where members are known at compile time, the XPath square-bracket syntax `[item1, item2]` is more concise.
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An XDM array is a function from an integer position (1-based) to its member value. You access members with `array:get($arr, $pos)` or the shorthand `$arr($pos)`.
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## Attributes
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`xsl:array` has no element-specific attributes. Its content must consist of `xsl:array-member` instructions (and other instructions producing array members).
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## Examples
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### Creating an array from XML nodes
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**Input XML:**
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```xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<playlist>
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<track>Shape of You</track>
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<track>Blinding Lights</track>
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<track>Levitating</track>
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</playlist>
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```
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**Stylesheet:**
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```xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<xsl:stylesheet version="3.0"
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xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
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xmlns:array="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/array">
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<xsl:output method="json" indent="yes"/>
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<xsl:template match="/playlist">
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<xsl:map>
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<xsl:map-entry key="'title'" select="'My Playlist'"/>
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<xsl:map-entry key="'tracks'">
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<xsl:array>
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<xsl:for-each select="track">
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<xsl:array-member select="string(.)"/>
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</xsl:for-each>
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</xsl:array>
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</xsl:map-entry>
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</xsl:map>
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</xsl:template>
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</xsl:stylesheet>
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```
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**Output (JSON):**
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```json
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{
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"title": "My Playlist",
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"tracks": ["Shape of You", "Blinding Lights", "Levitating"]
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}
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```
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### Array of sequences (each member holds multiple values)
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**Stylesheet:**
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```xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<xsl:stylesheet version="3.0"
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xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
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xmlns:array="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions/array"
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xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
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<xsl:output method="xml" indent="yes"/>
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<xsl:template match="/data">
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<xsl:variable name="matrix">
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<xsl:array>
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<xsl:array-member select="(1, 2, 3)"/>
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<xsl:array-member select="(4, 5, 6)"/>
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<xsl:array-member select="(7, 8, 9)"/>
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</xsl:array>
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</xsl:variable>
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<result>
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<!-- Access row 2, then second element of that sequence -->
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<cell><xsl:value-of select="array:get($matrix, 2)[2]"/></cell>
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</result>
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</xsl:template>
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</xsl:stylesheet>
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```
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**Output:**
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```xml
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<result>
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<cell>5</cell>
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</result>
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```
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## Notes
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- Arrays are 1-indexed. `array:get($arr, 1)` retrieves the first member.
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- Each member of an `xsl:array` is a *sequence*, not just a single item. This is what distinguishes arrays from flat sequences.
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- The XPath shorthand `[ ]` creates an array where each member is a single item.
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- To append or modify an array, use functions like `array:append()`, `array:put()`, or `array:insert-before()`.
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- `xsl:array` can be used inside `xsl:map-entry` to create JSON-compatible nested structures.
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## See also
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- [xsl:array-member](../xsl-array-member)
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- [array:get()](../xpath-array-get)
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- [xsl:map](../xsl-map)
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